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violin concerto
A violin concerto is a concerto for solo violin (occasionally, two or more violins) and instrumental ensemble, customarily orchestra. Such works have been written since the Baroque period, when the solo concerto form was first developed, up through the present day. Many major composers have contributed to the violin concerto repertoire, with the best known works including those by Bach, Bartók, Beethoven, Brahms, Bruch, Mendelssohn, Mozart, Paganini, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Sibelius, Tchaikovsky, and Vivaldi.
Traditionally a three-movement work, the violin concerto has been structured in four movements by a number of modern composers, including Dmitri Shostakovich, Igor Stravinsky, and Alban Berg (in the latter, the first two and last two movements are connected, with the only break coming between the second and third). In some violin concertos, especially from the Baroque and modern eras, the violin (or group of violins) is accompanied by a chamber ensemble rather than an orchestra—for instance, Vivaldi's ''L'estro armonico'', originally scored for four violins, two violas, cello, and continuo, and Allan Pettersson's first concerto, for violin and string quartet.
==Selected list of violin concertos==
The following concertos are presently found near the center of the mainstream Western repertoire. For a more comprehensive list of violin concertos, see List of compositions for violin and orchestra.
*John Adams
*
*Violin Concerto (1993)
*Malcolm Arnold
*
*Concerto for Two Violins and String Orchestra (1962)
*Johann Sebastian Bach
*
*Violin Concerto in A minor, BWV 1041 (1717–1723)
*
*Violin Concerto in E major, BWV 1042 (1717–1723)
*
*Double Violin Concerto in D minor, BWV 1043 (1723)
*
*Violin Concerto in D minor, BWV 1052
*
*Violin Concerto for 3 violins in D major, BWV 1064
*
*Violin Concerto in G minor, BWV 1056
*Samuel Barber
*
*Violin Concerto, op. 14 (1939)
*Béla Bartók
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 (1908)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 2 (1938)
*Ludwig van Beethoven
*
*Violin Concerto in D major, op. 61 (1806)
*Alban Berg
*
*Violin Concerto (1935)
*Johannes Brahms
*
*Violin Concerto in D major, op. 77 (1878)
*Max Bruch
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 in G minor, op. 26 (1867)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 2 in D minor, op. 44 (1878)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 3 in D minor, op. 58 (1891)
*Henri Dutilleux
*
*L'Arbre des Songes (1985)
*Antonín Dvořák
*
*Violin Concerto in A minor, op. 53 (1879–1880)
*Edward Elgar
*
*Violin Concerto in B minor, op. 61 (1910)
*Eduard Franck
*
*Violin Concerto in e minor, op. 30 (1855/1861)
*
*Violin Concerto in D major, op. 57 (1875)
*Richard Franck
*
*Violin Concerto in D major, op. 43 (1906)
*Alexander Glazunov
*
*Violin Concerto in A minor, op. 82 (1904)
*Karl Goldmark
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 in A minor, op. 28 (1877)
*Joseph Joachim
*
*Violin Concerto No. 3 in G major
*Mieczysław Karłowicz
*
*Violin Concerto in A major, op. 8
*Aram Khachaturian
*
*Violin Concerto in D minor, op. 46 (1940)
*Erich Wolfgang Korngold
*
*Violin Concerto in D major, op. 35 (1945)
*Édouard Lalo
*
*Violin Concerto in F major, op. 20 (1874)
*
*Symphonie Espagnole (1874)
*Lowell Liebermann
*
*Concerto for Violin and Orchestra op. 74 (2001)
*Karol Lipiński
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 op. 14 in F-sharp minor
*
*Violin Concerto No. 2 "Militaire" op. 21 in D major
*
*Violin Concerto No. 3 op. 24 in E minor
*
*Violin Concerto No. 4 op. 32 in A major
*Felix Mendelssohn
*
*Violin Concerto in D minor (1822)
*
*Violin Concerto in E minor, op. 64 (1844)
*Nikolai Myaskovsky
*
*Violin Concerto in D Minor, op. 44
*Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 in B-flat major, K. 207 (1773)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 2 in D major, K. 211 (1775)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 3 in G major, K. 216, ''Strassburg'' (1775)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 4 in D major, K. 218 (1775)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 5 in A major, K. 219, ''Turkish'' (1775), with alternative Adagio in E, K.261 (added 1776)
*Carl Nielsen
*
*Violin Concerto, op. 33 (1911)
*Niccolò Paganini
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 in D major, op. 6, MS 21 (ca. 1811–17)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 2 in B minor, op. 7, MS 48, ''La Campanella'' (1826)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 3 in E major, MS 50 (ca. 1826–30)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 4 in D minor, MS 60 (ca. 1829–30)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 5 in A minor, MS 78 (1830)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 6 in E minor, op. posth., MS 75—probably the first to be written; only the solo part survives
*André Previn
*
*Violin Concerto "Anne-Sophie"
*Sergei Prokofiev
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 in D major, op. 19 (1917)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 2 in G minor, op. 63 (1935)
* Max Reger
*
*Violin Concerto in A Major op. 101 (1907–1908)
*Camille Saint-Saëns
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 in A major, op. 20 (1859)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 2 in C major, op. 58 (1858)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 3 in B minor, op. 61 (1880)
*Arnold Schoenberg
*
*Violin Concerto (1936)
*Robert Schumann
*
*Violin Concerto, WoO 23 (1853)
*Dmitri Shostakovich
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 in A minor, op. 77 (1948, rev. 1955 as op. 99)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 2 in C-sharp minor, op. 129 (1967)
*Aleksandr Shymko
*
*Violin Concerto (2012)
*Jean Sibelius
*
*Violin Concerto in D minor, op. 47 (1904)
*Igor Stravinsky
*
*Violin Concerto (1931)
*Karol Szymanowski
*
* Violin Concerto No. 1, op. 35 (1916)
*
* Violin Concerto No. 2, op. 61 (1932-1933)
*Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
*
*Violin Concerto in D major, op. 35 (1878)
*Henri Vieuxtemps
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 in E major, op. 10 (1840)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 2 in F-sharp minor, op. 19 (ca. 1835–36)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 3 in A major, op. 25 (1844)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 4 in D minor, op. 31 (ca. 1850)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 5 in A minor, op. 37, ''Grétry'' (1861)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 6 in G major, op. 47/op. posth. 1 (1865–1870)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 7 in A minor, op. 49/op. posth. 3
*Antonio Vivaldi — many, particularly:
*
*L'estro Armonico, op. 3 (1711)—twelve concertos
*
*''La stravaganza'', op. 4 (ca. 1714)
*
*''The Four Seasons'' (ca. 1725)—four concertos, the first four numbers of ''Il cimento dell'armonia e dell'inventione'', op. 8
*William Walton
*
*Violin Concerto (1939)
*Henryk Wieniawski
*
*Violin Concerto No. 1 in F-sharp minor, op. 14 (1853)
*
*Violin Concerto No. 2 in D minor, op. 22 (1862)
*Malcolm Williamson
*
*Violin Concerto (1963–1964)
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